Autism Vaccination Connection Paper Retracted
In the Midst of the Biggest Vaccination Debate in History
The retraction caught our attention. We, of course, wonder why in 2018, the paper that was written suggesting the Autism-Vaccination Connection in 2002 is now being retracted. We read their reasons but are you buying that? When we see something retracted because of our experience researching the fraud and deception in this industry, we have to ask why? At least we can still read what they retracted. We have highlighted it below for you. We have also supplied the 103 citations of the paper. They say they retracted it because the author relied substantially on the retracted Wakefield paper, yet there are 103 other citations on the same paper. You can scroll to the bottom of this page to see the “103” citations used for this retracted paper.
After Andrew Wakefield’s 1998, Infamous retracted MMR vaccination and Autism connections paper, another paper was written on Autism that was published in Lab Medicine in 2002. The author’s Rimland and McGinnis cited Andrew Wakefields paper in their paper Vaccines and Autism.
In October 2018, amidst the heaviest controversy of the vaccination industry of the century, Roger L. Bertholf, Ph.D., the editor-in-chief of Lab Medicine, and Pietro Ghezzi, Ph.D., retracted the paper. They wrote an editorial announcing the change. They said Bertholf and Ghezzi’s paper relied heavily on the original Wakefield paper, so they retracted it. This caused me some concern that the paper would be used to advance an anti-vaccine agenda.
The Restriction stated – However, sometimes, flawed studies that remain in the literature can be harmful when these studies are used by nonscientists to support conclusions that have long since been discredited by subsequent studies. We have learned that this is the case with an article by Rimland and McGinnis that was published in Lab Medicine in 2002.3 The paper proposed a mechanism linking vaccinations with autism, and its conclusions were substantially based on a 1998 paper by Wakefield, published in The Lancet,4 (SEE THE PAPERS 103 CITATIONS BELOW) that first suggested this association. In 2010, after a thorough investigation, The Lancet withdrew the Wakefield paper, explaining that several elements of the study it reported had been determined to be incorrect.
On August 21, 2018, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), said the following, “The evidence is clear: thimerosal is not a toxin in vaccines, but merely a preservative, preventing contamination, that has been used in vaccines for decades.’ How can this be? If it is not a toxin why did they make this announcement?
In June 2000, a joint statement on thimerosal* in vaccines was prepared by the American Academy of Family Physicians (AAFP), the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP), the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP), and the Public Health Service (PHS) in response to 1) the progress in achieving the national goal declared in July 1999 to remove thimerosal from vaccines in the recommended childhood vaccination schedule, and 2) results of recent studies that examined potential associations between exposure to mercury in thimerosal-containing vaccines and health effects.
Highlights of the Retracted Paper from 2002
A Pattern of Autoimmunity in Autism – Retracted – We had a link here. The source has removed the link. This is the information we obtained from the paper.
Markers for autoimmunity are predominate in autism, and autoimmunity is one of the conditions associated with activation of the inflammatory response. Occurrence of autoimmune illness is 8 times higher in mothers of autistic children.17 Major histocompatibility class (MHC) proteins are important modulators of the immune response, and in animals, MHC subtype determines susceptibility to an autoimmune response to antigens such as
mercury.18
Conclusion
Depressed immunity, autoimmunity, and inflammatory activation are common features in autism. Impaired resistance to infection may predispose to chronic measles infection of the autistic gut MMR vaccine. Thimerosal-containing vaccine during infancy may depress immunity and lower the threshold for chronic vaccinial measles infection.
Thimerosal and MMR may induce autoimmunity to elements of the CNS individually or additively and thus contribute to the pathophysiology of autism. A significant anatomic and functional gut abnormality is a prevailing theme in autism and may be aggravated by injury from MMR and thimerosal or predispose to such injury.
Much of the clinical knowledge about nutritional aspects of autism, such as low zinc and vitamin A status, help explain a weakened autistic immunity and gut as well as vulnerability to vaccine injury. Ingress of toxins from the gut reflects gut injury and appears significant. We are far from certain that vaccines help trigger autism, but we are farther still from certain they do not. Given current available data, thimerosal would stand no chance of approval as a new injectable medication by modern standards, and
because thimerosal alternatives exist for all the scheduled childhood vaccines, we call for its summary removal and safe disposal from every repository in this country.
We also encourage an intensive effort to find economical thimerosal-free childhood vaccines for the rest of the world. In many respects, the autistic immune profile fits the diagnostic category of common variable immunodeficiency (CVID). Common variable immunodeficiency is strongly associated with gastrointestinal disease, including LNH, in multiple studies.100-103 Autism may very well be nature’s way of demonstrating a subgroup of CVID children vulnerable to vaccine injury.
Current official vaccination guidelines do not exclude CVID children from usual vaccination, but we think this needs refinement. We call for well-funded prospective studies by individuals without conflicts of interest to determine immune, autoimmune, gastrointestinal, and long-term neurobehavioral effects of vaccination, particularly in relation to immune, gut, and nutritional status before and after vaccination. Development of screening tests to identify children with higher risks of any negative effects of MMR should be a high priority. Such screening might include skin-testing for energy, dietary; family questionnaires to identify possible low vitamin A levels; tetanus titers for energy; or immunoglobulin and T-cell counts in special cases. In this period of major uncertainty over MMR and autism, the thoughtful physician would be counseled to temper existing institutional and corporate vaccine guidelines with clinical judgment. In fact, independent thinking may be the only way to resolve certain institutional contradictions, as in the conflicting recommendations pertaining to the administration of MMR to children with febrile illness.67
As many of our colleagues have already determined, the respect for our vaccination program is not lessened if the physician decides to wait a reasonable period after diarrhea or other illness has abated, or advise cod liver oil prophylaxis before vaccination.99 Published science and clinical experience are converging rapidly to form a more accurate image of autism. We are learning that autism implies a physically ill child with associated immune, gut, and nutritional problems. Besides helping target biological interventions for autism, understanding the underlying physical problems enhances our grasp of the possible role of vaccines.
Retraction
1. Yonk LJ, Warren RP, Burger RA, et al. CD4+
helper T cell depression in autism. Immunol Lett
1990;25:341-346.
2. Warren RP, Foster A, Margaretten C, et al.
Immune abnormalities in patients with autism. J
Autism Develop Dis 1986;16:189-197.
3. Warren RP, Yonk LJ, Burger RA, et al. Deficiency
of suppressor-inducer (CD4+CD45RA+) T cells in
autism. Immunol Invest. 1990;19:245-251.
4. Gupta S, Aggarwal S, Heads C. Dysregulated immune
system in children with autism: beneficial effects of
intravenous immune globulin on autistic
characteristics. J Autism Devel Dis. 1996;26:439-452.
5. Stubbs EG, Crawford ML. Depressed lymphocyte
responsiveness in autistic children. J Autism Child
Schizophr. 1977;7:49-55.
6. Warren RP, Odell JD, Warren WL, et al.
Immunoglobulin A deficiency in a subset of
autistic subjects. J Autism Develop Dis.
1997;27:187-192.
7. Fiumara A, Sciotto A, Barone R. Peripheral
lymphocyte subsets and other immune aspects in
Rett syndrome. Pediatr Neurol. 1999;21:619-621.
8. Warren RP, Foster A, Margaretten NC. Reduced
natural killer cell activity in autism. J Am Acad
Chld Adolesc Psych. 1987;26:333-335.
9. Warren RP, Singh VK, Cole P. Increased
frequency of the null allele at the complement
C4b locus in autism. Clin Exp Immunol.
1991;83:438-440.
10. Stubbs EG. Autistic children exhibit undetectable
hemagglutination-inhibition antibody titers despite
previous rubella vaccination. J Autism and Child
Schizophr. 1976;6:269-274.
11. Stubbs EG. Interferonemia and autism. J Autism
Develop Dis. 1995;25:71-73.
12. Croonenberghs J, Bosmans E, Deboutte D, et al.
Activation of the inflammatory response system in
autism. Neuropsychobiology. 2002;45:1-6.
13. Singh VK. Plasma increase of interleukin-12 and
interferon-gamma: pathological significance in
autism. J Neuroimmunol. 1996;66:143-145.
14. Messahel S, Pheasant AE, Pall H, et al. Urinary
levels of neopterin and biopterin in autism.
Neurosci Lett. 1998:241:17-20.
15. Singh VJ, Warren RP, Odell JD, et al. Changes of
soluble interleukin-2, interleukin-2 receptor, T8
antigen, and interleukin-1 in the serum of autistic
children. Clin Immunol Immunopath.
1991;61:448-455.
16. Peakman M, Verani D. Basic and clinical
immunology. New York, NY: Churchill
Livingston; 1997:108.
17. Comi AM, Zimmerman AW, Frye VH, et al.
Familial clustering of autoimmune disorders and
evaluation of medical risk factors in autism. J
Child Neurol. 1999;14:388-394.
18. Kono DH, Park MS, Szydlik A, et al. Resistance
to xenobiotic-induced autoimmunity maps to
chromosome 1. J Immunol. 2001;167:2396-2403.
19. Daniels WP, Warren RP, Odell JD, et al. Increased
frequency of the extended or ancestral haplotype
B44-SC30-DR4 in autism. Neuropsychobiol.
1995;32:120-123.
20. Singh VK, Warren RP, Odell JD, et al. Antibodies
to myelin basic protein in children with autistic
behavior. Brain Behav Immun. 1993;7:97-103.
21. Singh VK, Lin SX, Yang VC. Serological
association of measles virus and human herpes
virus-6 with brain autoantibodies in autism. Clin
Immunol Immunopathol. 1998;89:105-108.
22. Singh VK, Warren R, Averett R, et al. Circulating
autoantibodies to neuronal and glial filament
proteins in autism. Pediatr Neurol. 1997;17:88-90.
23. Connolly AM, Chez MG, Pestronk A, et al. Serum
autoantibodies to brain in Laundau-Kleffner
variant, autism, and other neurological disorders. J
Peds. 1999;134:607-613.
24. Weizman A, Weizman R, Szekely GA, et al.
Abnormal immune response to brain tissue
antigen in the syndrome of autism. Am J Psychiat.
1982;139:1462-1465.
25. Kono DW, Balomenos D, Pearson DL, et al. The
prototypic Th2 autoimmunity induced by mercury
is dependent on IFN-Gamma and not Th1/Th2
imbalance. J Immunol. 1998;161:234-240.
26. Torrente F, Ashwood P, Day R, et al. Small
intestinal enteropathy with epithelial IgG and
complement deposition in children with regressive
autism. Molec Psych. 2002;7:375-382.
27. El-Fawal H, Waterman SJ, De Feo A, et al.
Neuroimmunotoxicology: humoral assessment of
neurotoxicity and autoimmune mechanisms.
Environ Hlth Persp. 1999;107:767-775.
28. Chang KW ed. Toxicology of Metals. Boca Raton,
FL: CRC Press; 1996:842-845.
29. Wucherpfennig KW. Mechanisms for the
induction of autoimmunity by infectious agents. J
Clin Invest. 2001;108:1097-1104.
30. Fagan DG, Pritchard JS, Clarkson TW, et al.
Organ mercury levels in infants with
omphaloceles treated with organic mercurial
antiseptic. Arch Dis Child. 1977;52:962-964.
31. Rohyans J, Walson PD, Wood GA. Mercury
toxicity following merthiolate ear irrigations. J
Pediatr. 1984;104:311-313.
32. National Academy of Sciences press release, July
21, 2000.
33. van der Laan JW, de Waal E. Safety working party
assessment of the toxicity of thimerosal in relation
to its use in medicinal products. The European
Agency for the Evaluation of Medicinal Products;
London: 8 September 1998: B04210.
34. Stratton K, Gable A, McCormick MC, eds.
Immunization safety review: thimerosal-containing
vaccines and neurodevelopmental disorders.
Immunization safety review committee, board on
health promotion and disease prevention, the Institute
of Medicine. 2001 Available at:
www.iom.edu/imsafety. Accessed on August 7, 2002.
35. TEST Foundation. Available at:
www.altcorp.com/testfoundation.htm Accessed on
August 7, 2002.
laboratorymedicine> september 2002> number 9> volume 33
716
©
your lab focus
Downloaded from https://academic.oup.com/labmed/article-abstract/33/9/708/2504263 by OUP site access user on 16 October 2018
RETRACTED
Downloaded from https://academic.oup.com/labmed/article-abstract/33/9/708/2504263 by guest on 20 February 2019
36. Bernard S, Enayati A, Binstock T, et al. Autism: A
unique type of mercury poisoning. Cranford, NJ:
ARC Research; 2000: 1-76. Available at:
www.autism.com/ari/mercurylong.html. Accessed
August 7, 2002.
37. SafeMinds Website Available at:
www.dmcreative.tmp.com/safeminds/board.htm.
Accessed June 24, 2002.
38. McGinnis WR. Mercury and autistic gut disease.
Environ Hlth Persp. 2001;109:303-304.
39. Chen W, Body RL, Mottet NK. Biochemical and
morphological studies of monkeys chronically
exposed to methylmercury. J Toxicol Environ Hlth.
1983;12:407-416.
40. Horvath K, Papadimitriou JC, Rabsztyn A, et al.
Gastrointestinal abnormalities in children with
autistic disorder. J Pediatr. 1999;135:559-563.
41. Stejskal VD, Forsback M, Nilsson R. Lymphocyte
transformation test for diagnosis of isothiazoline
allergy in man. J Invest Derm. 1990;94:798-802.
42. Stejskal VD, Cederbrandt K, Lindvall A, et al.
MELISA-an in vitro tool for the study of metal
allergy. Toxicol in Vitro. 1994;8:991-1000.
43. Stejskal VD, Forsbeck M, Cederbrant KE.
Mercury-specific lymphocytes: An indication of
mercury allergy in man. J Clin Immunol.
1996;16:31-40.
44. Tibbling L, Thuomas KA, Lenkei R, et al.
Immunological and brain MRI changes in patients
with suspected metal intoxication. Int J Occupat
Med Toxicol. 1995;4.
45. Stejskal VD, Danersund A, Lindvall A, et al.
Metal-specific lymphocytes: Risk factors in CFS
and other related diseases. Neuroendocrinol Lett.
1999;20:289-298.
46. Stejskal VD. Human hapten-specific lymphocytes:
Biomarkers of allergy in man. Drug Info J.
1997;31:1379-1382.
47. Pang PK, Shan JJ, Lewanczuk RZ, et al. Parathyroid
hypertensive factor and intracellular calcium
regulation. J Hypertens. 1996;14:1053-1060.
48. Lewanczuk RZ, Benishin CG, Shan J, et al.
Clinical aspects of parathyroid hypertensive factor.
J Cardiovasc Pharmacol. 1994;23:23-26
49. Tessier-Lavigne M, Mobbs P, Attwell D. Lead and
mercury toxicity and the rod light response. Invest
Opthalmol Vis Sci. 1985;26:1117-1123.
50. Ritvo ER, Creel D, Realmuto G, et al.
Electroretinograms in autism: A pilot study of bwave amplitudes. Am J Psychiat. 1988;145:1085-
1086.
51. Verstraeten T, David R, Destefano F. Risk of
neurological and renal impairment associated with
thimerosal-containing vaccines. Report to the
Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices;
Atlanta GA: June 21, 2000.
52. Finegan J, Quarrington B. Pre-, peri-, and neonatal
factors and infantile autism. J Child Psych
Psychiatr. 1979;20:119-128.
53. Stejskal J. Measles lymphadenopathy. Ultrastruct
Pathol. 1980;1:243-247.
54. Dankova E, Kasal P, Bergmannova V, et al.
Immunological findings in children with abnormal
reactions after immunization. Cesk Pediat.
1993;48:9-12.
55. Wakefield AJ, Murch SH, Linnell J, et al. Ileallymphoid-nodular hyperplasia, non-specific
colitis, and pervasive developmental disorder in
children. Lancet. 1998;351:637-641.
56. Wakefield AJ, Anthony M, Murch SH, et al.
Enterocolitis in children with developmental disorders.
Am J Gastroenterol. 2000;95:2285-2295.
57. Walker-Smith J. Letter: Autism, bowel inflammation,
and measles. Lancet. 2002;359:705-706.
58. Furlano RI, Anthony A, Day R, et al. Colonic
CD8 and gamma delta T-cell infiltration with
epithelial damage in children with autism. J
Pediatr. 2001;138:366-372.
59. Kawashima H, Mori T, Kashiwagi Y, et al.
Detection and sequencing of measles virus from
peripheral mononuclear cells from patients with
inflammatory bowel disease and autism. Digest
Dis Sci. 2000;45:723-729.
60. Uhlmann V, Martin CM, Sheils O, et al. Potential
viral pathogenic mechanism for new variant
inflammatory bowel disease. J Clin Pathol Mol
Pathol. 2002;55:1-6.
61. Singh VK. Abnormal measles serology and
autoimmunity in autistic children. J Allergy Clin
Immunol. 2002;109:S232.
62. Fujinami RS, Oldstone MB, Wroblewska Z, et al.
Molecular mimicry in virus infection:
Crossreaction of measles virus phosphoprotein or
of herpes simplex virus protein with human
intermediate filaments. Proc Nat Acad Sci USA.
1983;80:2346-2350.
63. Warren RP, Odell JD, Warren WL, et al. Strong
association of the third hypervariable region of
HLA-DR Beta-1 with autism. J Neuroimmunol.
1996;67:97-102.
64. Plioplys AV, Greaves A, Kazemi K, et al.
Lymphocyte function in autism and Rett’s
syndrome. Neuropsychobiol. 1994;7:12-16.
65. Bitnun A, Shannon P, Durward A, et al. Measles
inclusion-body encephalitis caused by the vaccine
strain of measles virus. Clin Infec Dis.
1999;29:855-861.
66. Belgamwar RB, Prasad S, Appaya P. Measles,
mumps, rubella vaccine induced subacute
sclerosing panencephalitis. J Indian Med Assoc.
1997;95:594.
67. Physician’s Desk Reference 2002. Montvale NJ:
Medical Economics Company; 2002:2120.
68. Johnson RT, Griffin DE, Hirsch RL, et al. Measles
encephalomyelitis- clinical and immunologic
studies. N Engl J Med. 1984;310:137-141.
69. Caballero B, Rice A. Low serum retinol is associated
with increased severity of measles in New York City
children. Nutr Rev. 1992;50:191-192.
70. Yalcin SS, Yurdakok K, Ozalp I, et al. The effect
of live measles vaccines on serum vitamin A
levels in healthy children. Acta Paediatr Jpn.
1998:40:345-349.
71. Butler JC, Havens PL, Sowell AL, et al. Measles
severity and serum retinol (vitamin A)
concentration among children in the United States.
Pediatrics. 1993;91:1176-1181.
72. Gupta PC, Dutta AK, Khare S, et al.
Immunoglobulins profile of measles. Indian
Pediatr. 1989;26:780-784.
73. Audhya T. Abnormalities and dysfunction of
vitamins and fatty acids in autism. Defeat Autism
Now Symposium, Phoenix, AZ, July 2000.
74. Megson MN. Is autism a G-alpha protein defect
reversible with natural vitamin A? Med Hypoth.
2000;54:979-983.
75. Bhaskaram P. Immunobiology of mild
micronutrient deficiencies. Br J Nutr.
2001;85:S75-S80.
76. Richer JM, Cross RG. Gaze aversion in autistic
and normal children. Acta Psychiatr Scand.
1976;53:193-210.
77. Schuil J, van de Putte EM, Zwaan CM, et al.
Retinopathy following measles, mumps, and
rubella vaccination in an immuno-incompetent
girl. Int Opthalmol. 1998;22:345-347.
78. Fan PC, Teug RJ, Chou CC, et al. Impaired
immune function in a premature infant with zinc
deficiency after total parenteral nutrition. Chung
Hua Min Kwo Hsiao Erh Kol Hsueh HUI Tsa
Chih. 1996;37:64-69.
79. Sazawal S, Jalla S, Mazumder S, et al. Effect of
zinc supplementation on cell-mediated immunity
and lymphocyte subsets in preschool children.
Indian Pediatr. 1997;34:589-597.
80. Folwaczny C. Zinc and diarrhea in infants. J Trace
Elem Med Biol. 1997;11:116-122.
81. Walker-Smith JA, Andrews J. Alpha-antitrypsin,
autism and celiac disease. Lancet. 1972;2:883-884.
82. Goodwin MS, Cowen MA, Goodwin TC.
Malabsorption and cerebral dysfunction: A
multivariate and comparative study of autistic
children. J Autism Child Schizophr. 1971;1:48-62.
83. Horvath K, Tildon J. The role of secretin in
autistic spectrum disorder. Int Rev Research
Mental Retard. 2001;23:33-54.
84. D’Eufemia P, Celli M, Finocchiaro R, et al.
Abnormal intestinal permeability in children with
autism. Acta Paediatr. 1996;85:1076-1079.
85. Shaw W, Kassen E, Chaves E. Increased urinary
excretion of analogues of Krebs cycle metabolites
and arabinose in two brothers with autistic
features. Clin Chem. 1995;41:1094-1104.
86. Reichelt KL. Biochemistry and psychophysiology
of autistic syndromes. Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen. 1994;114:1432-1434.
87. Shattock P, Kennedy A, Rowell F, et al. Role of
neuropeptides in autism and their relationships
with classical neurotransmitters. Brain
Dysfunction. 1991;3:328-325.
88. Knivsberg AM, Reichelt KL, Nodland M. Reports
on dietary intervention in autistic disorders. Nutr
Neurosci. 2001;4:25-37.
89. Zioudrou C, Streaty RA, Klee WA. Opioid
peptides derived from food proteins. The
exorphins. J Biol Chem. 1979;254:2446-2449.
90. Fukudome S, Yoshikawa M. Gluten exorphin c. A
novel opioid peptide derived from wheat gluten.
FEBS Lett. 1993;316:17-19.
91. Chabance B, Marteau P, Rambaud JC. Casein
peptide release and passage to the blood in
humans during digestion of milk or yogurt.
Biochime. 1998;80:155-165.
92. Zagon IS, McLaughlin PJ. Endogenous opioid
systems regulate cell proliferation in the
developing rat brain. Brain Res. 1987;412:68-72.
93. Hauser KF, McLaughlin PJ, Zagon IS.
Endogenous opioid systems and the regulation of
dendritic growth and spine formation. J Comp
Neurol. 1989;281:13-22.
94. Barrett AJ, ed. Handbook of proteolytic enzymes. Academic Press; 1998:379-382.
95. Srikantaiah MV, Radhakrishnan AN. Studies on
the metabolism of vitamin B6 in the small
intestine: Part III-purification and properties of
monkey intestinal pyridoxal kinase. Indian J
Biochem. 1970;7:151-156.
96. Rimland B. High dose vitamin B6 and magnesium
in treating autism: Response to study by Findling
et al. J Autism Dev Disord. 1998;28:581-582.
97. Scriver CR, Beaudet AL, Sly WS, et al, eds. The
metabolic and molecular bases of inherited disease. New York: McGraw-Hill; 1995:1725-1768.
98. Stubbs G, Litt M, Lis E, et al. Adenosine
deaminase activity decreased in autism. J Amer
Acad Chld Psychiatr. 1982;21:71-74.
99. Pangborn JB, Baker SM. Biomedical assessment
options for children with autism and related
problems. San Diego, CA: Autism Research
Institute;2001:54.
100.Lai Ping So A, Mayer L. Gastrointestinal
manifestations of primary immunodeficiency
disorders. Semin Gastroinstest Dis. 1997;8:22-32.
101.Washington K, Stenzel TT, Buckley RH, et al.
Gastrointestinal pathology in patients with
common variable immunodeficiency and X-linked
agammaglobulinemia. Am J Surg Pathol. 1996;
20(10):1240-1252.
102.Ojuawo A, Milla PJ, Lindley KJ. Non infective
colitis in infancy: evidence in favor of minor
immunodeficiency in its pathogenesis. East Afr
Med J. 1997;74:233-236.
103.Klein N, Jack D. Immunodeficiency and the gut:
clues to the role of the immune system in
gastrointestinal disease. Ital J Gastroenterol
Hepatol. 1999;31:802-806.
This website is for information purposes only; we are not diagnosing, treating, curing, mitigating, or preventing any disease or medical condition by providing the information contained herein. Before beginning any natural, integrative or conventional treatment regimen, it is advisable to seek the advice of a licensed healthcare professional.
- Typhoid Fever
- vaccination
- vaccine
- Vaccines
- vaccines are good
- whooping cough
- Yellow Fever